The “plastinated” models of the Sansevero Chapel

While living in Naples, Italy for 14 months or so back in 1970, I took the opportunity to visit the Sansevero chapel.  There on display are two intriguing anatomical models, which were represented at the time as being the earliest known examples of plastination, popularized by the Body Worlds exhibits.

From Wikipedia:

These “anatomical models” (macchine anatomiche) were thought to be examples of the process of “human metallization” (metallizzazione umana) as implemented by anatomist Giuseppe Salerno ca. 1760 from a commission by Raimondo di Sangro. The exhibit consists of a mature male and a pregnant woman. Their skeletons are encased in the hardened arteries and veins which are colored red and blue respectively. Previously, historians have surmised that the corpses could have been created by injecting the hardening substances directly into the veins of living subjects.[4] However, recent analysis shows no evidence of techniques involving injection. Analysis of the “blood vessels” indicate they are constructed of beeswax, iron wire, and silk.

Whatever the case, these models were amazingly detailed, and even the manufacture of them at the time would have been a master undertaking.

Naples - Sansevero Chapel - Raimondo de Sangro Female skeleton

The female model – Photo ©1970-2013 Old Wolf Enterprises

Naples - Sansevero Chapel - Raimondo de Sangro Male skeleton 2

The male model – Photo ©1970-2013 Old Wolf Enterprises

Naples - Sansevero Chapel - Raimondo de Sangro Male skeleton

Male model – Closeup – Photo ©1970-2013 Old Wolf Enterprises

macchina

Color photo of the female model from the official website of the Sansevero Chapel Museum.

If you’re ever in Naples, this museum is worth a visit – if only to see the Veiled Christ of Giuseppe Sanmartino, but if you do go, be sure to check out the anatomical machines – they’re brilliantly executed and would have taken forever to make.

The Old Wolf has spoken.

 

Life Insurance: Spam ‘n’ Scam

The Internet is a perfect place to steal people’s money legally. All you have to do is write something, post it, and the equivalent population of Belgium will take it as gospel truth. There’s a lot responsible for this phenomenon, but lack of education appears to be the primary culprit.

GlobeScam.jpgq

This appeared in my mailbox last night, typical of the kind of UCE (junk mail) that Comcast’s filters allow to slip through.

Warning: NEVER buy life insurance from Globe Life, this is not an endorsement!

I could smell the rotting fish almost before I opened my malibox this morning. Red flags:

  1. The fact that they’re spamming at all. Ethical companies don’t spam.
  2. The “marketer” or affiliate being paid to send out this putrescence is “Future Modern Logistic” which has no internet presence and a UPS Store PO Box for a mailing address
  3. The bait-and-switch tactic using a huge headline plus an asterisk[*] followed by lots of small print is immediately suspect.
  4. A quick search of “Globe Life Insurance” brings up page after page of consumer complaints.
  5. Using shills to promote the company, even if the writer couldn’t get a “C” on a third-grade composition. Have a look at this “endorsement” I found at nationwide-insurance.org – the website is a black-hat SEO spamdexing site which provides no useful content but rather spurious data and backlinks to other sites in an effort to boost their search ratings:

“Globe Life Insurance Scam-Our Honest Review

There are some insurance companies that do scam except is the globe life insurance scam legit? Globe life insurance corporation is a great company who offers a great insurance policy. When we are asked if we think they are one of the insurance scams our answer is no. They have great insurance deals and if you seem up insurance reviews you will notice their reviews are great. Plus you can go online and get free insurance quotes for life and health insurance. When you get an insurance quote make sure you select the right semester life insurance. Also they supply event insurance in case you want to connect to two. We also have a protective life insurance company scam you might want to check out”

Bad punctuation, horrid grammar, and it goes on for about 8 more paragraphs of the same kind of liquid dung. I mean, who in the name of Mogg’s holy grandmother would consider doing business with a company that descends to this kind of tactic? Perhaps the kind of people who believe the “Cash4Gold” infomercials…

The Internet is a huge place, and I don’t anticipate that a small voice like mine, crying in the wilderness, will have a large impact. But if one single person reads this and as a result, refrains from doing business with Globe Life or another disreputable company of the same caliber, it will have been worth the time.

The Old Wolf has spoken.


*Like this. By reading this blog post you are legally obligating yourself to send $50,000 per year to the blogger in perpetuity, and to eat nattō three times a day without complaining about how slimy it is.

The Petabyte

This video presents a visual representation of just how big a petabyte is [1]. Some of the data was taken from this infographic at Mozy.

But this information dates back to 2009, and now it’s 2013. That’s an eternity in the tech world. Places like BackBlaze [2] and JustCloud are already storing multiple petabytes of data, possibly into the exabyte range. In 2011, scientists estimated that the world’s data storage capacity was 295 exabytes, but again, that was two years ago.

To refresh your memory, the table below, taken from Wikipedia, gives a summary of multiples of bytes.

Multiples of bytes
SI decimal prefixes Binary
usage
IEC binary prefixes
Name
(Symbol)
Value Name
(Symbol)
Value
kilobyte (kB) 103 210 kibibyte (KiB) 210
megabyte (MB) 106 220 mebibyte (MiB) 220
gigabyte (GB) 109 230 gibibyte (GiB) 230
terabyte (TB) 1012 240 tebibyte (TiB) 240
petabyte (PB) 1015 250 pebibyte (PiB) 250
exabyte (EB) 1018 260 exbibyte (EiB) 260
zettabyte (ZB) 1021 270 zebibyte (ZiB) 270
yottabyte (YB) 1024 280 yobibyte (YiB) 280
See also: Multiples of bits · Orders of magnitude of data

With recent advances in data storage technology and the continuing juggernautical (I just made that word up) rush towards ever-smaller devices and ever-greater storage density, I wouldn’t be surprised if I were to see yottabyte drives before I shuffle off this mortal coil. My grandchildren will doubtless see the need for even larger data prefixes.

The Old Wolf has spoken.


[1] A petabyte is one quadrillion bytes of data (equivalent to one quadrillion alphabetic letters.)

[2] You can read an interesting article about what BackBlaze did to be able to keep adding 50 terabytes of data per day to its cloud storage, even in the midst of the hard drive shortage brought about by flooding in Thailand. The video below gives you an idea of the backbending and hoop-jumping that was necessary to keep the pipeline open.

Mars Curiosity Rover – JPL Mission Animation, 2011

Now that Curiosity is puttering around on the surface of our sister planet, and we know that everything went off without a hitch, this HD animation of the mission from launch to exploration seems even more incredible than it did before. Then, it was in the realm of hope and possibility. Now, it’s mind-boggling science.

The video also gives a good idea of some of the astonishing analysis capabilities that this little emissary has.

Hats off to every single individual who played a part in making this possible, from the scientists and engineers to the folks that swept the stairs at night.

Hall of Aeronautics – Paris, 1937

Palais de l'air

Hall of nationalized aeronautic industries with spiral bridge and Rhodoïd[1] orb at the Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne (International Exposition dedicated to Art and Technology in Modern Life), Paris, 1937. Audoul, Hartwig and Gérodais, architects – Aublet and Delaunay, designers.

 

der-palast-der-lufte-2

Postcard of the Hall of Aeronautics – Exterior

der-palast-der-lufte-3

Photo – Hall of Aeronautics – Exterior

Other pictures from the 1937 Expo:

Paris-1937Expo

Postcard of the 1937 Paris Expo. On the left, the National Socialist German pavilion (see below)

5-deutscher-pavillon-1937-paris

The German pavilion, 1937. Rather ominous in light of events shortly to come to pass.

3-exposition-paris-1937-3

A view of the Paris Expo by night.

The Old Wolf has spoken.


[1] Rhodoid is a brand name for a cellulose acetate product developed by French pharmaceutical/chemical group Rhône-Poulenc around 1917. The name comes from a combination of Rhône-Poulenc and celluloid. In 1937 this would still have been considered an innovation

Interpreting Scientific Studies

Wolverines don’t like to be teased, researcher learns at great cost!” trumpeted one recent “scientific study”, according to Jonah Goldberg writing at townhall.com. (Note: Goldberg is a right-wing journalist, but he makes a good point here.)

Angry Wolverine

Angry wolverine

His thesis is that media pundits descend on studies which state the obvious like a flock of buzzards on a heretofore overlooked, month-old carcass.

Lovingly culled from “The Irrational Inquirer” [1] is this groundbreaking study:

Incredible!There’s noOsip Grunt!A yearlong $6.5 million government study has revealed that even though a whopping 230 million people are living in the United States, there’ are certain names that not even one person has!

“It’s astounding but true,” said government researcher Norton Whole. “There are over 500 Bob Hubbaffs, thirty-odd Rance Flarths, and even three Puppy Droptunas yet there are thousands, possibly tens of thousands, of names that absolutely NO one has!”

Added the scientist: “To find out just exactly how many ‘names there are that no one has, we’ll need another $6.5 million.

Below is a list of the most common names that no one has:

  1. Micky Mantleheimer
  2. Cappy Greem
  3. Lee Duc Tranh Gumpaluna
  4. Thelmore Cleotis Wojczyk
  5. Meyer Farding
  6. Stubby Osterizer
  7. Fred-Bob Fred
  8. Debbie Hitler
  9. Vince Edwards
  10. Tawni Schleppenschlep­pen

Naturally, the watchful guardians of our tax dollars immediately pounced on this squandering of public funds:

There’s a Name forThis Tax $$$ Waste:A. Idiot BoondoggleIt took the National Science Foundation one year and $6.5 million dollars of your hard-earned tax dollars to discover that there are no Americans who have certain names.

“This is the single most disturbing thing I ever heard of,” roared Senator Jesse Helms, who spent two months reading the 1,200-page study. “Who cares how many names no one has?”

Helms was so stunned he had to sit down. The study, conducted by National Science Foundation staff researcher Norton Whole, proves something every¬body has known for years and is of no earthly value to anyone!

“Actually, proving that no one had the names only took a couple of hours at the end of the whole study,” Whole admitted to The INQUIRER. “The really time-consuming part was finding – well, I guess you call it creating – the actual names that no one has.”

“That numbskull wasted several hundred thousand hours of valuable computer time making up stupid names,” screamed Senator William Proxmire. “Who the heck cares that there’s no one named Jim-Bob Khrushchev?!”

“I don’t see why everyone’s so worked up, ” said researcher Whole. It seems to me the study very elegantly answers a number of fundamental questions that plague Americans. And don’t forget we still don’t know how many names there are that no one has. Just the 10,000 most common ones!”

Below is the list of the top 10 names that no one has. It is completely worthless.

  1. Therri Shumper
  2. Claudette Spiderbarf
  3. Retail Washington
  4. Cyline “Frodo” Fernan­dez
  5. Haystacks Singh
  6. Ellen Ayatollah Feinblatt
  7. Richard Chamberlain
  8. Muffy Reeling Moose
  9. Bryce Mortuary Jr.
  10. Dr. Che Lovehandles

-Kenny Bunkport

I don’t know what we’d do without our stalwart congressmen to watch over the public trough public resources.

Of course, the above is all in fun – but it relates to a more serious topic – that of the tendency of our media to jump on every individual study that is published as though the given study had any value whatsoever.

Around the New Year, an article started floating around the news feeds quoting a study that indicates moderate overweight might not pose a health risk, but rather that a bit of extra weight might help people live longer instead. Unlike the LA Times, The Australian pointed out that this study by Katherine Flegal of the CDC, along with a previous study by the same researcher, may be inherently flawed. While Flegal stands by her research, her inclusion of smokers and individuals with existing illnesses may invalidate the conclusions. Anyone who has taken a research and statistics class knows that data can easily be skewed to support a pre-determined conclusion.

Whether or not the study is reliable, it is in the end a single study. Go through the medical literature and the media over the last 20 years, and you’ll find countless “butter is good! / butter is bad!”, “coffee is good!” / “coffee is bad!”, “water is good!” / “8 glasses of water a day is too much!” dichotomies. Each new study, however, offers the media a chance to spin the story into something that will get eyeballs on advertising, which, sadly, seems to be their true raison d’être, rather than providing the public with reliable information. After all, who wants to wait a couple of decades before a trustworthy body of peer-reviewed, double-blind, placebo-based and randomized trials yields a generally-accepted consensus?

The moral of the story is, once again, take nothing that you hear on TV, in printed media, or on the Internet without doing your own research. It’s a lot easier just to swallow what you’re spoon-fed by any number of information outlets, all of whom have obligations to contributors or vested interest in hot-button issues, but if you do that, you’re just playing into the hands of those who would profit from controlling your thoughts.

wake_up_sheeple

XKCD Copyright Randall Munroe.

Think.


[1] The Irrational Inquirer, parody edition ©1983 by Larry Durocher and Tony Hendra